Amniocentesis is procedure in which amniotic fluid is removed from the uterus for testing or treatment. The amniotic is fluid that the baby is surrounded in. In this fluid it has fetal cells and various chemicals that comes from the baby. The process starts off by getting an ultrasound, then a numbing medicine is rubbed on the mothers belly or a shot is giving in the skin or belly. Then a long needle is inserted through the belly into the womb. At this time a small amount of fluid about 20 ml is removed. In the lab the fluid is used for genetic studies and to see the levels of alpha-fetoprotein. This test can be done for many reasons. It could be tested to see if the baby has Down Syndrome, Trisomy 13, Trisomy 18, Turner Syndrome, Klinefelter and Spina Bifida or any other problems. This test is 99 percent accurate. It can tell if the baby is fully developed enough for birth. The test tells if the baby has any infections or illness. This procedure could be done to remove some of the amniotic fluid. It takes the results two weeks to come back. This test is done when the woman is 16 to 22 weeks pregnant. This test can also cause risk such as genetic and chromosomal problems. The test is invasive and carries a small risk of miscarriage.
http://www.mayoclinic.com/health/amniocentesis/MY00155
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amniocentesis#Procedure
http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/003921.htm
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